Clinical and serological study of canine parainfluenza virus-5 in dogs in Baghdad province
Author(s): Lina Shaheed Waheed and Mawlood Abbas Ali Al-Graibawi
Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the vital and clinical signs of Canine parainfluenza virus-5 (CPIV-5) infections in dogs, and identify the specific IgM and IgG antibodies against the virus by the indirect methode of Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). 150 blood samples were obtained from 100 dogs exhibiting clinical respiratory symptoms (symptomatic) and from 50 apparently healthy dogs (asymptomatic), vital and clinical signs of all dogs were documented during January 2023 to April 2024 in Baghdad city. Clinical examination showed that infected dogs had symptoms such as nasal discharge, in appetence, lethargy, coughing that is dry hacking and persists for a period of time in some cases, fever, abnormal breath noisy, pallor mucous membrane, ocular discharge, conjunctivitis and in some severe cases mouth breathing. Diarrhea, vomiting and dehydration were observed in certain dogs. A significant rise in body temperature (40.19±0.08ºC), pulse rate (123.3±1.04 beat/min) and respiratory rate (35.59±0.26 breath/min) was noticed compared with asymptomatic dogs. The results of serological study by CPIV-5 IgM ELISA test proved significant variation the positivity rates between symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs, the seropositivity rate of CPIV-5 IgM antibodies was 86/100 (86%) in symptomatic dogs, in contrast, all the asymptomatic dogs were seronegative. The seropositivity rate by using CPIV-5 IgG ELISA test showed a significant variation in the positivity rates between symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs, the higher positivity rate for CPIV-5 IgG antibodies appeared in asymptomatic dogs 31/50 (62%), while the rate lowered to 32/100 (32%) in symptomatic dogs. This study is the first attempt to identify IgM and IgG antibodies against CPIV-5, and evaluate the disease's vital and clinical features in dogs in Baghdad, Iraq.
