Vol. 10, Issue 6, Part A (2025)

Author(s): A Elamaran, K Kannan, P Senthil Kumar, V Ranganathan, PK Ramkumar, M Pooja, K Venkata Ramana Sai and N Ashwini

Abstract: Pharmacoepidemiology, the intersection of pharmacology and epidemiology, provides essential data on drug usage and therapeutic outcomes in real-world populations. Despite its proven utility, its application in veterinary extension services remains largely underexplored in developing regions. This study aimed to assess drug usage patterns, treatment effectiveness, adverse drug events, and emerging antimicrobial resistance trends in the Cauvery Delta region of Tamil Nadu, India. A cross-sectional survey was conducted involving 50 veterinarians, 500 livestock owners, and 10 researchers across Thanjavur, Thiruvarur, and Nagappattinam districts. Data were collected from multiple sources, including veterinary prescriptions, farm records, pharmacy sales, and structured interviews with stakeholders. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS version 25. Findings revealed that antimicrobials constituted 60% of total drug usage, with 30% of cases reflecting inappropriate administration. The effectiveness rates of vaccination and anti-parasitic interventions were 85% and 75%, respectively. Notably, antimicrobial resistance was identified in 25% of bacterial isolates, and adverse drug reactions were reported in 10% of treated animals. Following the implementation of evidence-based recommendations, a 20% reduction in disease incidence was observed. These results demonstrate that integrating pharmacoepidemiological approaches into veterinary extension services can significantly improve treatment efficacy, ensure rational drug use, and strengthen farmer education. This model offers strong potential for adoption in other agrarian regions facing similar challenges.