Vol. 10, Issue 5, Part A (2025)

Author(s): Ganesh Ram Jat, Ibraheem Kutty C, Giggin T and Smitha S

Abstract: Layer poultry farming in Kerala holds immense potential to enhance food security, rural livelihoods, and economic development, driven by high egg consumption (63 eggs per capita annually) and a demand for 560 crore eggs yearly. However, the state’s production of 260 crore eggs falls short, necessitating imports of 300 crore eggs, primarily from Tamil Nadu. This review examines the current status, opportunities, and challenges of layer poultry farming in Kerala, focusing on production systems, management practices, and regional trends. Key challenges include high feed costs (60-70% of expenses), land scarcity (average holding 0.18 hectares), labor shortages, market saturation, and stringent environmental regulations. Government initiatives, such as those by the Kerala State Poultry Development Corporation (KSPDC) and Kudumbashree, promote inclusive models, empowering women and Self-Help Groups (SHGs). Opportunities for growth include leveraging demand for organic and cage-free eggs, adopting climate-resilient breeds like Athulya, and integrating IoT and blockchain technologies for efficiency and transparency. Strategic recommendations encompass promoting backyard farming, developing value-added products, enhancing cold chain infrastructure, and strengthening research-extension-policy linkages. By addressing these challenges and capitalizing on opportunities, Kerala can achieve self-sufficiency in egg production, fostering a sustainable, profitable, and equitable poultry sector.