Vol. 10, Issue 4, Part C (2025)

Author(s): Dharmesh R Patel and Binal Prajapati

Abstract: Climate change, characterized by rising global temperatures, shifting precipitation trends, and increased occurrences of extreme weather, presents considerable risks to animal health. As an accepted global reality, climate change has impacted ecosystems across the board and will continue to do so unless effectively mitigated. The dangers of climate change and global warming are garnering widespread acknowledgment. Within the array of its effects on animals, production-related impacts have been a focal point of attention. Heat stress, depending on its extent and duration, can harm livestock by triggering metabolic imbalances, oxidative damage, and weakened immune responses, leading to higher disease vulnerability and mortality. Extreme weather events directly result in temperature-related diseases, fatalities, and animal suffering. Indirect impacts, however, take more intricate routes, including animals' attempts to adapt to thermal conditions, changes in microbial ecosystems, the spread of vector-borne illnesses, shortages of food and water, or foodborne diseases affecting host resistance to infections. Developing robust tools and methods for monitoring animal health, which integrate climatic variables with animal data, is essential for effective mitigation.