Vol. 10, Issue 4, Part B (2025)

Author(s): Tina Sadan, M Manoj, R Thirupathy Venkatachalapathy, Marykutty Thomas, KA Bindu, MP Unnikrishnan and T Sathu

Abstract: This study investigates the differential expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and Stimulator of Interferon Genes 1 (STING1), key immune response markers, in the skeletal muscle of these pigs using quantitative PCR (qPCR). The MMP9 is an enzyme involved in extracellular matrix remodeling, playing a crucial role in tissue repair, inflammation, and immune defense. The STING1 is a key adaptor protein in the innate immune system, mediating type I interferon responses against viral and bacterial infections. Muscle samples were collected from six Ankamali and six wild pigs, and gene expression was analyzed relative to Aldolase A (ALDOA) as an internal control. Results revealed significantly higher MMP9 and STING1 expression in Ankamali pigs compared to wild pigs (p < 0.05), suggesting stronger immune regulatory activity. These findings indicate potential genetic adaptations influencing disease resistance and immune responses, providing valuable insights for conservation genetics and selective breeding programs aimed at improving livestock health and resilience.

DOI: 10.22271/veterinary.2025.v10.i4b.2186