Human-wildlife interactions, emerging pathogens, and the future of conservation
Author(s): Amol Rokde, Devendra Podhade, Diksha Lade and Shiwanee Pradhan
Abstract: Emerging Infectious Diseases (EIDs) such as HIV/AIDS, SARS, pandemic influenza, and COVID-19 demonstrate how vulnerable humans are to pathogens originating from wildlife. These outbreaks have produced extensive health, economic, and societal consequences worldwide. However, public perception often treats wildlife as the primary source of zoonotic danger, overlooking human-driven factors like habitat loss, environmental disruption, and stress on wildlife populations that increase disease emergence. Such misunderstandings can reduce public support for conservation. The passage promotes a One Health approach that integrates human, animal, and environmental health to address wildlife-associated EIDs more effectively. It stresses that wild animals also suffer from pathogens originating from humans or livestock, as well as from various anthropogenic pressures. Enhancing science communication, correcting public misconceptions, and integrating disease ecology into conservation efforts are essential for reducing EID risks and supporting long-term biodiversity conservation.
