Vol. 9, Issue 6, Part K (2024)

Author(s): Vinaya V, Subin K Mohan, Manoj M, Marykutty Thomas, Jiji RS and Vidya P

Abstract: Vechur cattle remain the only officially recognised native breed of cattle in Kerala, India. However, the Vilwadri dwarf and Ananganmala dwarf cattle, unique genetic groups indigenous to Kerala, represent potential breeds of high value that warrant recognition and conservation. The National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources (NBAGR) underscores the necessity of evaluating native animal genetic resources for their social, cultural, economic, and ecological contributions. This study investigated the Vilwadri and Ananganmala cattle populations, focusing on livestock keepers in Thrissur and Palakkad districts. Vilwadri cattle were predominantly concentrated in Thiruvilwamala, while Ananganmala cattle were primarily localised in Ananganmala village. Nevertheless, significant dispersal of these cattle beyond their native tracts was observed. Given the paucity of detailed data on the livestock keepers and the dispersion of these cattle populations, the snowball sampling technique was utilised to identify study participants. A total of 33 Vilwadri cattle keepers and 13 Ananganmala cattle keepers were identified, collectively owning 248 Vilwadri and 38 Ananganmala cattle. Results indicated that mobile and telephonic communication served as the primary mass media channels for both groups, followed by television, newspapers, farm magazines, newsletters, and radio. All cattle keepers reported frequent use of mobile and telephonic communication. Interpersonal communication was dominated by interactions with friends, other cattle owners, and neighbours. Among new media platforms, YouTube was the most commonly used by both Vilwadri and Ananganmala cattle keepers. This study highlights the importance of targeted efforts to recognise and conserve the Vilwadri and Ananganmala cattle as distinct breeds. Enhanced communication networks, dissemination of knowledge through accessible channels, and socio-ecological assessments are essential for promoting sustainable conservation strategies for these unique native cattle genetic resources.