Vol. 9, Issue 5, Part K (2024)

Author(s): Firas Abbas Hussen

Abstract: The study involved five immature and five mature gazelles in order to define the characteristics of the trachea, the mucosa, submucosa, hyaline cartilage, adventitia, and muscle fibers make up the complex tissue of the trachea. The cervical portion of the trachea is home to many simple alveolar mucous glands, the thoracic part of trachea has goblet cells that form "intraepithelial glands" in place of the mucous glands. The mucosa was lined with ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium, which contained basal, goblet, and columnar cells. The goblet cells were more prevalent in the thoracic than in the cervical portions of the trachea, and the percentage of goblet cells was higher in mature than in immature ages. The incomplete cartilage rings were hyaline in nature and enclosed by perichondrium; the hyaline C shaped rings. The posterior ends of these cartilages are connected by a connective tissue and smooth muscle, and the external layer comprises of adventitia made of connective tissue alongside numerous blood vessels. The sub mucosa contains mucous glands, loose connective tissue, collagen fiber, and blood vessels. The ground substance-containing chondrocytes that make up cartilage. There are multiple mucous simple alveolar glands in the cervical epithelium, and goblet cells have replaced the mucous gland in thoracic epithelium. The skeletal muscle fibers of lateral tracheal on each side of tracheal rings were clearly visible. The perichondrium encased the flattened cartilaginous rings. The cartilage covered by the adventitia is composed of chondrocytes and ground material, with smooth muscle and dense fibroelastic tissue connecting the posterior ends of cartilages. Goblet cells and ciliated pseudo stratified columnar epithelial cells made up the epithelialis mucosa throughout immature ages. The lamina propria and epithelialis mucosa built up the tunica mucosa in adult ages. The trachealis muscle, which was situated on the posterior membranous region of the trachea, interlaces bundles of smooth fibers to join the free ends of cartilaginous crescents. The tiny bands of smooth muscles that sustain the posterior trachea wall are in place because it lacks cartilage. Conclusion. The number and kind of cells as well as the thickness of the histological layer varied amongst the ages of the trachea.

DOI: 10.22271/veterinary.2024.v9.i5k.1793