Vol. 9, Issue 5, Part D (2024)

Author(s): Muna Muhammad Ismail, Roaa Adnan Hussein and Shaymaa Jabar Hasson

Abstract: The goal of this study was to distinguish between the anticoagulant heparin (antithrombin) and Calcium chelating anticoagulants (EDTA, citrate and oxalate) for assessing the health condition of specimens by the osmotic fragility of rabbit red blood cells at room temperature 25 °C - 18 °C and 50 °C for 1 hr and for long time (1 week) at 25 °C. Anticoagulants (heparin, EDTA, citrate, and oxalate) were added directly to four tubes containing four millilitres of blood samples obtained from the hearts of five male rabbits. Throughout November and December 2022, five male rabbits weighing between 800-1000 g were intermittently housed in cages of 60 cm-40 cm in College of Veterinary Medicine 12:12 dark light cycle, the osmotic fragility test were done for each type to record the zero time and ensure the activity of anticoagulants; The blood samples were stored at ambient temperature 25 °C, under a water bath at 50 °C, and in a refrigerator at -18 °C, for 1hr followed by examination of red blood cell fragility of each type of anticoagulant under different temperature; finally the blood samples of room temperature 25 °C were tested after 24 hr, 48 hr,72 hr and a week to point the long term anticoagulant (keeping the red blood cell membrane). The osmotic fragility of erythrocyte was determined by adding few drops of blood to tubes contain 5ml of normal saline 0.85%, the mixtures put in centrifuge at 3000 rpm for 15 min then the supernatant color indicate hemolysis while the clear mean not. 32 blood samples were analysed for each kind of anticoagulant: EDTA, citrate oxalate, and heparin, both at zero time and after 1 hour at 25 °C, -18 °C and 50 °C. The hemolytic percent at zero time and under 25 °C were zero% for all types but the hemolytic percent of heprinized blood sample after 1 hr revealed 100% and 50% under -18 °C and 50 °C respectively; while the rest anticoagulants types appear hemolytic percent 50% under -18c and 25% under 50 °C. on the other hand the hemolytic percent of blood samples containing EDTA, citrate, oxalate and heparin for long period (1week) under 25 °C room temperature were zero % after 24 hr and 48 hr while the hemolytic percent after 72 hr were only zero in heprinized blood samples with 100% to the rest of anticoagulants blood samples; with time progressing 4^th, 5^th, 6^th day the hemolytic percent were zero %; from 7^th day the heprinized blood samples became complete hemolysis. In conclusion; Ca chelating anticoagulants (EDTA, citrate and oxalate) are more effective than heparin in preserve blood samples under extreme cool and hot condition while heparin was best in preserve blood samples for long time under room temperature 25 °C.

DOI: 10.22271/veterinary.2024.v9.i5d.1688