Vol. 9, Issue 5, Part A (2024)

Author(s): Akanksha Yadav, Bhoj Raj Singh, Varsha Jayakumar and Himani Agri

Abstract: Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, and Alcaligenes species pose significant challenges as nosocomial pathogens, often leading to treatment failures. This study aimed to evaluate antimicrobial resistance patterns among 85 carbapenem-resistant isolates, including 40 Pseudomonas spp., 25 Acinetobacter spp., and 20 Alcaligenes faecalis from humans (8) animals/birds (42) and environment (35) sources. Assessment of antimicrobial susceptibility against 21 antibiotics using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method revealed that 96.47%, 82.35%, and 61.18% of strains were resistant to imipenem, meropenem, and doripenem, respectively. Colistin was effective against Pseudomonas spp. with 77.5% susceptibility, while tigecycline showed 68% and 85% susceptibility against Acinetobacter spp. and A. faecalis, respectively. Metallo-beta-lactamase production was observed in 90.59% and 8.24% of strains by the double disk diffusion assay and Modified Hodge test, respectively. One Alcaligenes faecalis strain was pan-drug resistant. An active efflux pump was identified in 54.12% of isolates using the Ethidium Bromide cartwheel assay. Overall, 32.94% of the isolates (8 Acinetobacter spp., 14 Pseudomonas spp., and 6 Alcaligenes faecalis) possessed blaNDM genes. All Acinetobacter baumannii isolates acquired the blaOXA-51 gene. This study highlights the multiplicity and coexistence of carbapenem resistance mechanisms among these species.

DOI: 10.22271/veterinary.2024.v9.i5a.1641