Vol. 8, Issue 4, Part C (2023)

The current study was described to determine the morphology and histological character ices of trachea and lungs in domesticated local guinea pigs cavia porcellus. Adult ages was (1-2) years, weight range (1.5-2 Kg) length (20-35 cm). The study was carried out on 12 local guinea pigs; it's divided into two cages: each cage included 6 male guinea pigs for topography grossly. Either other cage had 6 animals for histological preparations. Anatomically, the trachea was a long tube of hyaline cartilage characteristic flexible structure and incomplete rings arrived by annular ligament. The location in cavia porcellus, it extends from 2^nd cervical vertebrae to 4^th thoracic vertebrae. Either lung, it consists of paired separated by mediastinum, the right lung was larger than left, that occupy much of the space in the thoracic cavity between 2^nd to 13^th ribs and owns pink colour which. The right lung is composed of apical lobe, middle lobe, caudal lobe and accessory lobe. While other paired is composed of apical lobe and diaphragmatic lobe only. The wall of trachea was composed from four layers recognizable by light microscopy. Tunica mucosa, Tunica submucosa, musculo cartilaginous layer, and Tunica adventitia, the epithelia is called pseudo stratified ciliated columnar cells with four major cells, columnar cells, basal cells, goblet cells and Intermediate cells. The lamina propria considered composed from loose connective tissues which containing abundant of elastic fibres, with collagen fibres, diffuse lymphocytes, and blood vessels. The bronchial wall was composed of four tunics: firstly is called tunica mucosa, submucosa, muscular cartilaginous, and adventitia. The bronchial mucosa is lined by pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with few goblet cells. Lamina propria is composed of elastic fibre and smooth muscle which forms a complete ring and there is no adventitia. Absence of respiratory bronchioles, the terminal bronchioles open directly into several alveolar ductules.