Vol. 8, Issue 4, Part A (2023)

This study was conducted on the proventriculus and gizzard of the six dead pigeons (Columba livia domestica) for gross anatomical and biometrical observations. Grossly, the proventriculus was short, thick-walled, spindle-shaped tubular organ, extending from the caudal end of the esophagus to the cranial end of the gizzard. At the caudal end, there was a constricted area called the isthmus in between the proventriculus and the gizzard. The gizzard is highly muscular organ, resembling a biconvex lens-shaped disc. The cranial end of gizzard made contact with the caudal end of the liver lobes and the caudal end of the gizzard was related to the duodenum and pancreas. Biometrically, the Mean ± SE value of length of proventriculus and gizzard was 2.52±0.04 cm and 2.48±0.03 cm. respectively. The Mean ± SE value of circumference of the proventriculus at the cranial, middle, and caudal parts was 2.10±0.04 cm, 2.48±0.06 cm, and 2.71±0.12 cm, respectively. The Mean ± SE value of circumference and maximum thickness of wall of the gizzard was 7.78±0.11 cm, and 1.48±0.06 cm, respectively.