Vol. 5, Issue 5, Part A (2020)

Author(s): Bazezew Marshet

Abstract: Bovine tuberculosis is a chronic and contagious disease of cattle and other domestic and wild animals including human, Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) is a causative agent which is a member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. A disease is Characterized by tuberculous lesions occur most frequently in the lungs and the retropharyngeal, bronchial and mediastenal lymph nodes and can be transmitted from animals to humans and vice versa with the most common means of transmission is through the respiratory system. Nowadays human tuberculosis of animal origin (zoonotic TB) is an important public health concern in developing countries, the highest incidence of bTB is generally found in areas where intensive dairy systems are practiced and Currently the BTB in humans is becoming increasingly important in developing countries, as humans and animals are sharing the same micro-environment and dwelling premises, especially in rural areas. As well as causing a high morbidity, bovine tuberculosis (BTB) can also be a financial burden to farmers owning infected cattle; it has been suggested that cattle with BTB have a reduced productivity affecting milk yield and carcass value as well as through reduced pulling power in traditional farming system. Because of economic and the public health hazards inherent in the retention of the tuberculous animals, antituberculous chemotherapy of animals is discouraged so slaughter or test- and-segregation methods is the best controlled methods of the disease and in the globe especially in developing countries there is a habit of milk consumption on raw form so that there should be milk pasteurization plant in the locality to secure milk origin of tuberculosis infected animals.