Vol. 4, Issue 6, Part A (2019)

Author(s): Bithika Halder, Souvik Dhara and Ajantika Ghosh

Abstract: Trypanosomiasis causes by vector born haemoprotozoa in all mammals including human beings. In equines most common forms are Surra, Mal-de-caderus, Nagana, Dourine etc. It is a vector borne disease transmitted mechanically by various species of biting flies from the blood of infected animals. Surra is transmitted by tabanus and Stomoxys species. It is mostly prevalent during the monsoons and rainy season due to increase in the number of biting flies. The parasites are commonly observed in the swelling of oedematous lesion but less frequently seen in the blood. Diagnosis is based upon history of prevalence of infection, biting flies, clinical signs and symptoms. Laboratory examination of blood and body fluids by direct examination, chemical test, inoculation test and serological test helps in detection of disease. Treatment of the affected animals are done by preventive and curative measures. Chemotherapeutic agents like Diminazene aceturate (DA), Suramine, Quinapyramine, Isometanedium chloride and melarosomine dihydrochloride (Cymelarsan) are used. As vectors are the major transmitting agents thus control of vectors and changing in animal husbandry practice is best preventive measures for this zoonotic disease.